ṬAWNGKAM HMAN DÂN TUR

MIZO ṬAWNG DIK TAKIN I HMANG ANG U.
*(Rawng bâwltu zâwk maw le!)*

              - PC.Thangzikpuia.

Tun hmâa grammar chiang lo riai hnuaia Mizo țawng kan lo ziah dân dik lo țhenkhat kha, kan lo hmuh țhan tawh avangin a dik emaw tih hlen tâk tlat hi a awl khawp mai a. Thumal ni hlek lo tur thumal atâna ziah zawm hlen tâk pawh kan nei nual hlawm. Chûng zingah chuan verb huanga chetla țhinte hian pawi an tawk thui hle a; chuvangin, verb thumal anga kan lo ziah zawm thu țhenkhatte hi verb thumal an ni chiah em tih grammar tehfung chi hrang hrang hmang hian kan en fiah a ngai ta a ni.
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2. *Mood hmanga en fiah:*- Mizo țawnga mood chi nga kan neih zinga mood chi li: 1) Imperative mood, 2) Subjunctive mood, 3) Interrogative mood, 4) Infinitive mood-ah te hian thil titu (subject) emaw, thil tih lo dawngtu (object) emaw awm lo pawhin thu a chheh mai mai theih a. Verb thumal ni chiah lem lo pawh verb thumal ang takin an zeh theih nawk nawk thin. Chuvangin, hêng mood chi lite hi chu verb thumal en fiah nâna hman chi a ni lo tih hre hmasa phawt ila a ṭha ang e.
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Kan verb thumal reng rengin an root word dik taka hna an thawhna hmun chu 'Indicative mood' hi a ni a. He mood-ah hi chuan verb thumal kha a rik dân dik tak leh a ziah dân pawh tih danglam miah lohin, a awmze dik taka hman a ni ṭhin a. Intransitive verb chuan subject neiin verb hna an thawk thei vek a, transitive verb pawhin subject leh object neiin verb hna an thawk thei vek bawk a ni.

Entirna: - Zuala'n Pathian a fak.

Entirnaa 'fak' hi transitive verb a ni a, thil titu dinhmuna ding (subjective case) chu Zuala hming ai awhtu pronoun 'a' hi a ni. Zuala thil tih 'fak' lo dawngtu (object) chu 'Pathian' hi a ni ta a ni. Hetiang hian verb thumal reng reng chuan indicative mood-a sentence puitlingah, subjective case neiin verb hna an thawk thei vek a ni. Indicative mood-a țawngkauchheh dik atâna verb-a hman theih loh thumal chu verb thumal an ni lo tawp tihna a ni.

Entirna: - Zuala'n Pathian rawngbâwl.

He sentence hi han en ve ta ila, țawngkam dik atân 'rawngbâwl' hian verb hna a rawn thawk ve thei hlek lo tih kan hmu ang. Subjective case 'a' zepin, "Zuala'n Pathian a rawngbâwl," tia kan chheh ve dawn phei chuan, kan țawngkam chuan tuitu haw lam țawng vai thâwm pawh a tluk pha lo ang. "Zuala'n Pathian rawng a bâwl," tiin a kârah subjective case 'a' hi zepin, 'bâwl' hian amah chauha verb hmun a luah hian țawngkam dik a ni thei chauh a ni. Chumi awmzia chu, amaha mal din tur transitive verb, 'bawl' leh a direct object, 'rawng' hi kan ziah zawm daih avangin 'bâwl' hian a verb nihna a hloh daih a, thumal dik lo kan chher ta daih tihna a ni. Hetiang hian 'rawngbâwl' tia thumal atâna kan lo ziah zawm țhin hi a dik lohzia leh, verb thumal a nih lohzia indicative mood hian a rawn puang ta a ni.
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2. *Prefix 'in' hmanga en fiah:*- Kan verb thumal, subjunctive mood-ah hian țawngkam dika chelek atân prefix 'in' hi a bet thei vek a. A behna thumal kha mahni'na mahni chunga thil kan tih sawina (reflexive verb)-ah emaw, a huhova thil tih sawina (co-active marker)-ah emaw, mi dang nena inti tawn sawina (reciprocal verb)-ah emaw a chantir ṭhin a ni. A behna thumal kha amah ngau ngaua chutiang verb chu a nih phâk chiah loh pawhin, suffix 'san' behtirin emaw, adverb-in a rawn qualify emawin țawngkam dik a ni phâk zel țhin a ni.

Entirna: - inchhuih, inkalsan, ințawng khum.

Entirnaa prefix 'in' behna thumalte hi, "Ka inchhuih palh," ti tein, "Tu mah inkalsan lo ang u," ti tein leh, "Chaldelh tak chuan ințawng khum lo ang u," ti tein țawngkam dikah kan chelek thei vek a ni. Verb thumal emaw kan tih, subjunctive mood-a 'in' behtira țawngkam dika hman theih si loh thumal chu verb  thumal a ni lo tawp tihna a ni.

Entirna: - inrawngbawl, inrawngbawlsan.

He entirnaa 'rawngbâwl' tih thumala prefix 'in' a beh hian eng verb mah a ni pha ve lo a. Suffix 'san' behtir emaw, adverb hmanga qualify dawn emaw pawhin țawngkam dikah a chhuak ve thei hlek lo a ni. Tichuan, prefix 'in' hian 'rawngbâwl' tia ziah zawm hi verb thumal a nih lohzia leh, thumal atâna ziah zawma a dik lohzia a rawn tar lang ve leh ta a ni.
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3. *Suffix 'tir' hmanga en fiah:*-  Kan verb thumal, subjunctive mood-a kan hmante hi suffix 'tir' behtirin transitive verb (causative verb)-ah kan siam ṭhin a. Chu chu țawngkam dikah kan chelek thei zel ṭhin.

Entirna:-  eitir, muttir.

Hetianga 'tir' kan behtirna hi, "Kan mikhual chaw ka eitir," te kan ti thei ang a, "Naute ka muttir," te kan ti thei bawk ang. Verb thumal anga kan ngaih si, hetianga subjunctive mood-a 'tir' behtir a, subject leh object neia sentence-a awmze neia hman theih miah si loh thumal chu verb thumal an ni lo tawp tihna a ni.

Entirna:-  rawngbâwltir.

He entirna hi han bih ve leh ta ila, a àwm ang ve fu a ni. Amaherawhchu, sentence pangngaiah subjective case leh object awmin transitive verb-ah chuan han hmang ve dawn chiah ila, "Ka fapa chu Pathian rawngbâwltir," tiin subjective case awm lo, țawngkam kim lova kan chheh a ngai ta tlat a ni. Subjective case 'ka'  zepin, "Ka fapa chu Pathian ka rawngbâwltir," tiin han chhep dawn ila, subjective case 'ka' hian a dika tlâk zehna lai tur a hmu zo lo ang. Hetah hian transitive verb hi a mala verb hna thawhtirin, direct object 'rawng' hi noun a nih anga a mala kan dintir chuan a kâra subjective case 'ka' zepin, "Ka fapa chu Pathian rawng ka bawltir," tih țawngkam dik a lo chhuak thei chauh dawn a ni. Tichuan, suffix 'tir' hian transitive verb 'bâwl' leh direct object 'rawng' ziah zawm daih hi verb thumal a nih lohzia leh, thumal atâna ziah zawm reng reng loh tur a nihzia a rawn pho lang ve leh ta a ni.
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4. *Kan buaina chhan:*- Tun hmâ, grammar chiang lo riai hnuaia solid compound noun te, open compound noun te, hyphened compound noun te, noun phrase te kan la hmelhriat chian hmâ khân, noun rim nam deuh tawh phawt chu ziah zawm vek zel tura ngaihna kan lo nei ṭhin niin a lang a. Chungte avang chu ni maw, transitive verb leh a kawppui direct object te pawh, identity marker 'tu' hmanga noun-a chantir a nih khân an lo ziah zawm pawp pawp mai ṭhin a ni àwm e! Chutiang ziah dân dik lo eng emaw zât chuan vawiin thleng hian kan Mizo țawng huangah hian hnuhma dik lo hnutchhiahin, pawi a la tawk chhunzawm ta zel a ni. 

Entirna: - rawngbawltu, roreltu, aiawhtu...adt.

"Hetianga 'rawngbawltu' tia kan ziah hian noun a ni tawh a, noun ziah zawm chu eng nge a dik lohna?" ti tein mi țhenkhat chuan posi an la tui tui reng mai a ni. Hetah hian kan hriat chian êm êm tur chu, transitive verb-ah chauh 'tu' hi a bet thei a, 'tu' a beh theihna thumal reng reng chu transitive verb a ni tihna a ni. Àwm ang ve fêa 'tu' kan behtirna, 'rawngbâwl' tih thumal hi indicative mood-ah, subjective case awmin transitive verb-ah chuan han hmang ve dawn chiah ila, a hma lama kan sawi tawh ang khân bui lung tâwk ang hlauh kan ni ang.

Hetianga thumal dik lo a ni chung hian engati nge, 'rawngbawltu' tia 'tu' hi àwm ang deuha a beh theih ve si? A chhan chu, 'bâwl' hi transitive verb a ni miau a, hetah hian 'tu' behtirin 'bawltu' a tih theih a ni. Tichuan, heta 'bawltu' tihah hian transitive verb 'bâwl' lo tuartu (direct object) noun thumal, 'rawng' hi kan va behtir ta daih a, 'rawngbawltu' tih noun thumal rual ban lo kan lo neih phah ta mai a ni.
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Tichuan, 'tu' hi transitive verb-ah chauh a beh theih si avangin, 'tu' beh ve rikngawtna thumal hi indicative mood chuan a huang chhungah transitive verb anga che turin a lo phut lui ve nghâl chat a. Grammar tehfung ațanga verb finfiahna hmanraw dangte pawhin an lo ekzam ve nghal zar zar bawk a. Chutah chuan 'rawngbawltu' tih leh a anpui, 'tu' behna thumal dang: 'roreltu, thuhriltu, aiawhtu, malsawmtu, hmalatu, remruattu, thlalatu' tih ang chi, 'tu' behna thumal piang sualte hi an lo mualpho ta ṭhin a ni.
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5. *Rawng mal din hi:*-  Grammar tehfung rin tlâk êm êm chi hrang hrang hmanga transitive verb leh a object ziah zawm daih dik lohzia kan kap parh tawh hnûah pawh hian, mahni ngaih dân mai mai nena Zoțawng lo chhek per ve thintute hian, "'Rawng bâwl' tia kan ziah hran chuan, heta 'rawng' mal din hi eng nge ni ta ang? Amaha mal din turin 'rawng' hi a chak tâwk lo," ti tein țanfung fawng nei lo an rawn vilik ve fua fua ṭhin! Hetianga Mizo țawng awmzia leh grammar kalphung hmuh țhelh tlattute hian, Bible-a Joshua te meuh pawhina, "Vawiinah hian tu rawng nge in bâwl dâwn thlang mai rawh u," ti a, 'tu rawng nge' tih țawngkam an lo chelek te hi an hmuh țhelh tel ve zel a nih a rinawm. Ni e, 'tu rawng' pawh a lo awm a nih hi!

Entirna:-  Pathian rawng, Setana rawng, sual rawng, mihring rawng, ei rawng...adt.

Hetiang hian common noun, 'rawng' hi tu rawng nge leh eng rawng nge tih kha proper adjective emaw, nounal adjective emawin a rawn sawi fiah ṭhin a. Chutiang 'rawng' chi hrang hrang chu kan lo 'bâwl' ta mai ṭhin a lo ni. Amaha 'rawng' mal din hi dik lova ngai a, mal din zo lova puh tlattute hian, "Kei leh ka chhungte erawh hi zawngin Lalpa rawng a nia kan bâwl dâwn ni," tiha 'rawng' mal din te hi an hmelma en khûih khûih duh hial awm asin! He sentence hi en chiang mah ang u, "Kan bâwl dawn," tia a sawi hi eng maw kan tih chuan, "Lalpa rawng" a ti a nih hi. Lalpa rawng, Pathian rawng, Setana rawng...adt.

Thu dang dangah pawh transitive verb leh direct object inkawp, identity marker 'tu' hmanga noun-a kan siam reng reng chuan open compound noun an nih zel avangin, transitive verb leh a object kha ziah zawm reng reng loh tur a ni.

Entirna:-  thu sawitu, bâwng vulhtu, in satu, motor khalhtu...adt.

Tichuan, grammar fiah lo riai hnuaia kan zân-kal lai a, transitive verb leh direct object dik lo taka kan lo ziah zawm kumkhua tawh, a dik lohzia kan pho chhuah tâk, 'rawngbawl' leh a anpui zawng zawng pawh hetiang hian a dikin kan ziak tawh ang:

Rawng bâwl   -  rawng bâwltu.
Ro rêl               -  ro rêltu.
Thu hril            -  thu hriltu.
Ai awh             -  ai awhtu.
Mal sâwm       - mal sâwmtu.
Hma lâ             -  hma latu.
Rem ruat          -  rem ruattu.
Thla lâ              -  thla latu.

Hetianga țawng kalphung mil leh grammar evidence chiang tak nena khaw ênga kan thu chaih chhuah tâkte hi, mahni ngaih dân mai mai thlâ lo zahpuia lo lim lo lim loh tur. Kan Mizo țawng mawi leh ropui tak hi thimthama vah kualpui mai mai lovin, khaw êngah hian dik takin chuktuah khâwm ila, nakîna Mizoram leilung ngeia Mizo țawng ngeia la rawn inbe zel tur kan tu leh fate tân, vawiinah hian keiniho hian mawi leh duhawm êm êm maiin Mizo țawng hi i lo pâr vultir teh ang u.

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